Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacology
Al-Biruni
Active 973–c. 1050

Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacology
973–c. 1050
Also contributed to pharmacology through work on medicinal substances and scientific classification.
Field of Achievement
Physicians and surgeons in the medieval Islamic world combined clinical observation, encyclopedic writing, and practical treatment in hospitals and teaching centers.
Al-Biruni is featured here as part of IMPMS's reader-friendly guide to medieval Muslim contributions in medicine, surgery, and pharmacology.
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